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flagship course · Brazil

Manufacturing Business

Eight modules take you from the first customer to a running, measured service in manufacturing business.

about this course

What you will be able to do

L4 Practitioner8 modules · 34 h lessons plus practiceBrazil, São Paulo · Phase 2 (2027 to 2028)
  • Analyse Know your customer and market: Define a specific customer, build a rival table with prices, and trace every claim to an interview or a source.
  • Understand Rules, registration and data duties in Brazil: Cite an official source for every line, assume nothing, and date every pending item. Local law always wins over this course.
  • Create Design the offer: Check that promise, proof and price are consistent, fit the terms on one page, and record three customer reactions.
  • Apply Run the work step by step: Write procedures a stranger can follow, record weekly numbers for each measure, and trace one defect to a root cause.
  • Evaluate Safety, quality and risk: Rank controls by preference for the top risks, run the drill, and start the log. Where a regulation applies, follow the official rule.
  • Apply People, skills and service: Write role cards with measurable standards, show the sign-off steps in training, and write the service rules in plain words.
  • Analyse Money: cost, price and break-even: Calculate correctly, give every figure a source or mark it as an assumption, and show a downside case.
  • Evaluate Grow, measure and renew: Set a measurable, dated target, break the actions down small enough to start this week, and put the review date in the calendar.

Task, condition and standard

Task

Plan, start and run manufacturing business in São Paulo: serve a trade buyer, deliver a made product in a steady process, keep records, and show a working month of numbers.

Condition

About 8 weeks part-time. Own phone or computer, real customers or a real practice site, a peer and a mentor for the final review. Local rules and licences checked against official sources.

Standard

Every module standard is met; all claims are true and backed by records; peers and a mentor mark the evidence 'Meets' or better.

Who it is for: students, graduates, career changers, owners, workers and returners. Requirements: none. Materials: lesson text, templates, tracker, rubric, check with answers.

lesson by lesson

8 modules with worked examples

Module 1 Know your customer and market 4 hAnalyse

Every sound business in manufacturing business begins with one clear customer and one clear problem. In São Paulo and the wider state, demand is real but crowded, so a small, well-described customer group wins before a broad one.

  • In manufacturing business: Know buyer specs, volumes and delivery windows.
  • Write the customer in one sentence: a trade buyer. Add the place, the moment of need and what they use today.
  • List five rivals or substitutes within reach. For each, record price, strength, weakness and how people reach it.
  • Interview at least eight real customers with open questions. Record exact words, not your summary.
  • Count the market in units: how many batches could one area buy in a month? Use two public sources and your own count, then take the lower figure.
  • Choose one first segment and say why the others wait.
Worked example. Weak: 'Everyone needs a made product in a steady process.' Strong: 'Our first customer is a trade buyer within 8 km of the centre, who today pays R$ 9.900 per batch and complains about delay. We target 18 batches a month by month three.'
Second worked scenario. Scenario: ten customers are interviewed for manufacturing business. Seven say price, two say speed, one says trust. Question: which first message do you write, and which interview record backs it? Model answer: lead with the batch price and speed promise, keep trust proof as the second line, and cite the seven price answers by date.

Activity. Write the one-sentence customer, a five-row rival table and eight interview records. Share them with a peer for a challenge round.

Standard to meet. Define a specific customer, build a rival table with prices, and trace every claim to an interview or a source.

Module 2 Rules, registration and data duties in Brazil 4 hUnderstand

Brazil asks every trader to be visible and accountable. Know which register, tax regime and sector rules apply before the first sale, and check each against the current official text.

  • In manufacturing business: Factory licences, fire, environment and labour rules; certification where products are regulated.
  • Choose a legal form: micro-entrepreneur (MEI) only if your activity appears on the official MEI list, or a company registered with a CNPJ. Regulated activities need their sector authorisation first. Check the current limits and lists on the official portal.
  • Learn the tax regime that fits your size and write down which taxes you will collect and pay, and when.
  • Find the sector rules for manufacturing business: licences, inspections, professional registers. List each with the office that issues it and the renewal date.
  • Personal data of customers falls under Brazil's data protection law (LGPD). Collect only what you need, say why, keep it safe, and name who answers questions.
  • Consumer law gives buyers clear rights on information, returns and complaints. Put your terms in plain Portuguese.
Worked example. Checklist for a new manufacturing business trader: 1) legal form (CNPJ, or MEI only if your activity is on the official list); 2) city operating licence; 3) sector licence or register; 4) tax set-up; 5) privacy notice; 6) written terms. Each has an owner and a date.
Second worked scenario. Scenario: a neighbour says registration can wait until the first R$ 45.000 of sales. Question: what do you do? Model answer: do not delay; write the compliance table first, confirm the register, tax and sector licence with the official office, and start only where the table shows no open blocker.

Activity. Build your own six-line compliance table for your first location. Mark what is done, what is pending and who confirms it.

Standard to meet. Cite an official source for every line, assume nothing, and date every pending item. Local law always wins over this course.

Module 3 Design the offer 4 hCreate

An offer states what the customer gets, how well, by when and at what price. For a made product in a steady process, the offer must make the quality visible and the next step easy.

  • In manufacturing business: Offer a specified product with tolerance, lead time and warranty.
  • Describe the core offer in three lines: what is delivered (a made product in a steady process), the standard it meets, and the time it takes.
  • Add one proof for each promise: a sample, a test result, a guarantee or a customer record.
  • Price from cost upward and from customer value downward, then pick a price inside both.
  • Write a simple one-page terms sheet: what is included, what is extra, how to cancel.
  • Create two options at most, so choice stays easy.
Worked example. Offer: 'A made product in a steady process, delivered within agreed time, checked against a written standard, price R$ 9.000 per batch. Proof: a dated record the customer can check and sign. Changes or cancellation by written agreement before work begins.'
Second worked scenario. Scenario: a customer asks for a discount from R$ 9.000 to R$ 8.100 per batch. Question: decide with numbers. Model answer: contribution falls from R$ 2.800 to R$ 1.900 per batch; offer an extra of value (for example faster service) before cutting price, and accept only if the lower contribution still clears break-even.

Longer notes. Choose one product you can make in repeatable batches, such as packaged sauces, and set a standard batch size. Cost a batch from raw materials, packaging, direct labour, energy and water. Compare your price with similar products on shelves and with an imported alternative. Test a pilot batch and keep the sample. Confirm factory registration, label content and product-safety rules before you sell the first pallet. Ask two buyers to test the pilot batch and give written comments on quality, packaging and delivery time. Small adjustments before launch cost far less than a recall or a returned order after the first shipment.

Extra worked example. One batch is sold for R$ 9.000. Variable cost is R$ 3.900 for raw materials, R$ 900 for packaging, R$ 1.000 for direct labour and R$ 400 for energy and water, so R$ 3.900 + R$ 900 + R$ 1.000 + R$ 400 = R$ 6.200. Margin is R$ 2.800, or 31,1 percent. Fixed cost is R$ 45.000 a month, so break-even is 45.000 / 2.800 = 16,07, rounded up to 17 batches. Take the cost items as worked-example assumptions, not market data. Thirty sauce batches leave R$ 39.000 after rent and machines.

Activity. Write the offer card, the proof list and the terms sheet. Test them with three customers and note every point where they hesitated.

Standard to meet. Check that promise, proof and price are consistent, fit the terms on one page, and record three customer reactions.

Module 4 Run the work step by step 5 hApply

Good operations make results repeatable. For manufacturing business, write each step so a new person could follow it on their first day, and measure each step.

  • In manufacturing business: Plan: materials, process steps, inspection points, packing, dispatch.
  • Map the process from first contact to paid and closed. Typical stages: enquiry, quote, preparation, delivery of the batch, check, payment, follow-up.
  • Name the key resource at each stage: a documented process and gauges. Note what happens if it is missing.
  • Write a one-page standard procedure per stage: who, what, tool, time, record.
  • Choose three measures: speed, quality (errors per 100) and customer rating. Review them every week.
  • Fix the cause of a defect, not the symptom. Ask 'why' five times and record the answer.
Worked example. Stage record: 'Prepare. Owner: lead. Time: 30 min. Tool: checklist. Record: signed sheet. Defect found on 1 of 7 batches last week; cause: missing check on a documented process and gauges; fix: add check at start, review next Friday.'
Second worked scenario. Scenario: of 30 batches last month, 2 had a defect traced to a documented process and gauges. Question: what is the defect rate and what is your first action? Model answer: about 7 defects per 100; stop the cause (add a check at the start), correct affected customers, log the cause, and re-measure next week.

Activity. Draw the process map and write procedures for the two riskiest stages. Run each once and time it.

Standard to meet. Write procedures a stranger can follow, record weekly numbers for each measure, and trace one defect to a root cause.

Module 5 Safety, quality and risk 4 hEvaluate

The most serious risk in this field is defects that pass inspection. A calm, written risk routine protects people first and the business second.

  • In manufacturing business: Machine guarding, lockout and noise are hazards.
  • List ten things that could go wrong. Score each for how likely (1 to 5) and how serious (1 to 5). Multiply and sort.
  • For the top five, choose a control: remove the hazard, replace it, guard it, train people, or use protective gear, in that order of preference.
  • Write who does what in an emergency, and rehearse it once a quarter.
  • Keep an incident and near-miss log. Near-misses are free lessons.
  • Check that insurance and legal duties match the risk you actually carry.
Worked example. Risk row: 'Hazard: defects that pass inspection. Likelihood 3, severity 5, score 15. Control: written check before each batch, trained staff, log sheet. Owner: site lead. Review monthly.'
Second worked scenario. Scenario: a near-miss occurs: defects that pass inspection nearly happened but no one was hurt. Question: what do you do in the next 24 hours? Model answer: make safe, record the event, ask the five whys, add or tighten one control, brief the team, and set a review date; near-misses count as lessons, not blame.

Activity. Build a ten-row risk register and a one-page emergency plan. Run a ten-minute drill with a peer and note two improvements.

Standard to meet. Rank controls by preference for the top risks, run the drill, and start the log. Where a regulation applies, follow the official rule.

Module 6 People, skills and service 4 hApply

People deliver the promise. Define roles, train to a standard and give feedback in the open.

  • In manufacturing business: Train operators with work instructions.
  • Write a role card for each person: purpose, five tasks, the standard for each, and who to ask for help.
  • Train by showing, doing with support, then doing alone with a check. Record sign-off per task.
  • Set service rules for answering customers: reply times, tone, how to apologise and fix.
  • Hold a ten-minute team check each day: yesterday's problem, today's plan, one risk.
  • Build a growth path: what a new person can do in week 1, month 3 and month 12.
Worked example. Training record: 'Task: process a complaint. Shown 2 May; done with support 4 May; done alone 8 May, checked: apology, fix, follow-up call. Signed by lead.'
Second worked scenario. Scenario: a new hire completes training but a customer complaint shows a skipped step. Question: whose gap is it? Model answer: first the system: check the role card, the training sign-off and the checklist; then coach the person and fix the document so the step cannot be skipped.

Longer notes. Write a standard work sheet for each station with steps, times and quality points, and train each operator on it. Run a short shift briefing on the plan, safety and quality problems. Teach lockout, cleaning and machine guarding by showing each step. Rotate operators so two people can run every machine. Keep a training matrix and confirm the safety and working-hours rules for each machine station. Hold a five-minute huddle at each shift start to review yesterday's scrap and today's plan, and write numbers on a board. Operators who see results improve are more willing to follow standards and report problems early.

Extra worked example. Scrap cost 4 percent of a batch's variable cost, R$ 248. After training it fell to 2,5 percent, R$ 155, saving R$ 93 per batch. Over 30 batches that is R$ 2.790. Training 4 operators for 2 days at R$ 120 costs 4 x 2 x R$ 120 = R$ 960. The times and rates are classroom assumptions, not market data. Net gain in month one is R$ 2.790 - R$ 960 = R$ 1.830.

Activity. Write two role cards and a training plan for one new hire. Role-play a hard customer conversation twice and review.

Standard to meet. Write role cards with measurable standards, show the sign-off steps in training, and write the service rules in plain words.

Module 7 Money: cost, price and break-even 5 hAnalyse

A business lives or dies on a few numbers. Know your contribution per unit, your fixed costs and the volume you need.

  • In manufacturing business: Cost per batch includes scrap; track yield.
  • Contribution per batch = price minus variable cost. Fixed costs are paid whether you sell or not.
  • Break-even units = fixed cost divided by contribution. Plan to pass it by a safe margin.
  • Make a 12-month cash plan. Cash timing matters as much as profit: customers may pay late, suppliers may want money first.
  • Keep money for business and money for the owner apart.
  • Test the plan: what if sales fall by a quarter, or cost rises by a tenth?
Worked example. Worked example, all figures in reais: price R$ 9.000, variable cost R$ 6.200, contribution R$ 2.800 per batch. Fixed cost R$ 45.000 a month. Break-even = R$ 45.000 / R$ 2.800 = 16,07, so 17 batches a month. At 30 batches a month, profit = R$ 2.800 x 30 - R$ 45.000 = R$ 39.000. These are teaching figures that belong to this example only; later examples and the case study use their own figures. Use your own.
Second worked scenario. Scenario: sales fall to 22 batches a month. Question: what is the monthly result? Model answer: R$ 2.800 x 22 - R$ 45.000 = R$ 16.600; compare with break-even of 17 batches and decide whether to cut fixed cost or raise volume first. Teaching figures only.

Activity. Build your own table: price, variable cost, contribution, fixed cost, break-even and a downside case at 75% of sales. Show it to a peer or mentor.

Standard to meet. Calculate correctly, give every figure a source or mark it as an assumption, and show a downside case.

Module 8 Grow, measure and renew 4 hEvaluate

Growth should follow proof. Measure, learn, then add; and keep returning to the customer.

  • In manufacturing business: Grow with lean improvement and a second shift.
  • Pick one growth lever at a time: new customers, a higher repeat rate, a better price, or a new offer.
  • Set one measurable target for 90 days, such as 'raise repeat customers from 20% to 30%'.
  • Ask each customer how they found you, and record it. Spend more where the record shows results.
  • Review monthly: numbers, defects, complaints, cash. Write three decisions each time.
  • Plan the renewal of licences, equipment and skills a year ahead.
Worked example. 90-day plan: 'Lever: repeat customers. Action: follow-up call after every batch. Target: repeat rate from 20% to 30%. Check: weekly count. Review date: day 45 and day 90.'
Second worked scenario. Scenario: you can add 6 batches a month by one of two levers: a follow-up call to past customers or a price rise of R$ 900 to R$ 9.900. Question: how do you choose? Model answer: test the cheaper reversible lever first (the call), measure for 30 days, and only then try the price change, so you can tell which one worked.

Longer notes. Record every batch: date, quantity, scrap, downtime, rework and customer returns. Report weekly output and cost per batch to the team. Compare buyers by volume, price and payment time. Plan maintenance before breakdowns, and keep spares for the parts that fail often. Ask buyers for a forecast so purchases of raw materials can be planned. Review prices when material costs move. Photograph the production board each Friday and keep the weekly figures in one file. After a quarter you will see patterns in downtime and scrap that daily noise hides, and you can fix the worst cause first.

Extra worked example. You made 30 batches for three buyers: 15, 10 and 5. Revenue is 30 x R$ 9.000 = R$ 270.000 and variable cost is 30 x R$ 6.200 = R$ 186.000. After R$ 45.000 fixed cost, profit is R$ 39.000. The scenario volumes are worked-example assumptions, not market data. If the buyer of 5 batches leaves, 25 batches give 25 x R$ 2.800 - R$ 45.000 = R$ 25.000, a fall of R$ 14.000.

Activity. Write a 90-day plan with one target, three actions and a review date. Present it in five minutes and take questions.

Standard to meet. Set a measurable, dated target, break the actions down small enough to start this week, and put the review date in the calendar.

case study

A case to work through

Situation. the owner owns a small plant in Sao Paulo that makes packaged sauces in batches. A batch sells for R$ 9.000, and raw materials, packaging, labour, energy and water cost about R$ 6.200. His fixed costs are R$ 45.000 a month for rent, machines, maintenance and supervisors. Last month he made 30 batches for three buyers. One buyer, taking 5 batches, asks for a R$ 500 price cut per batch, and a machine stopped for two days. Scrap, not counted in that R$ 6.200, also cost 4 percent of it per batch. The owner does not know his break-even, how much the discount costs or what the scrap is worth. He reads output at the end of the month, and machine stoppages are not written down, so causes are guessed.

Task. Say what you would do first, next and last, and what record you would keep.

Model answer. First, margin per batch is R$ 9.000 - R$ 6.200 = R$ 2.800, or 31,1 percent. Break-even is 45.000 / 2.800 = 16,07, so 17 batches. At 30 batches, profit is 30 x R$ 2.800 - R$ 45.000 = R$ 39.000. Next, the discount costs 5 x R$ 500 = R$ 2.500 a month. Scrap at 4 percent is R$ 248 per batch, so 30 batches lose R$ 7.440. Profit after both is R$ 29.060. The discount, scrap rate and stoppage are worked-example figures. Track downtime and scrap per batch and agree the price with the buyer only against a longer contract. Also, log every stoppage with start, end and cause, and weigh scrap per batch for a month. Fix the cause that costs the most hours first, and review prices with each buyer once the batch cost record is reliable. the owner should hang a stoppage sheet at the filling machine, so the R$ 500 discount is decided on measured numbers.

assessment

How you are checked

Evidence: customer file, compliance table, offer card, procedures, risk register, role cards, money table, 90-day plan. Mentor and peers mark it with this rubric. Pass: no criterion at 'Not yet'.

Marking rubric
CriterionNot yetMeetsExceeds
Customer and marketEveryone is the customerOne segment with interviewsSegment, interviews and a counted market
Rules and recordsUnaware of dutiesTable with sourcesTable kept current, owner and dates
Offer and operationsNo written standardOffer card and proceduresProcedures measured weekly
Safety and riskNo registerRanked registerRegister, drill and incident log
MoneyNo numbersBreak-even correctBreak-even, cash plan and downside case

Ten-question check, with model answers

Q1. Why write the customer in one sentence?

Model answer: It makes the offer, the price and the message specific; you can test it with real people. (Covered in module 1: Know your customer and market. To pass that module: Define a specific customer, build a rival table with prices, and trace every claim to an interview or a source.)

Q2. Name the two Brazilian registers a small trader may choose between.

Model answer: MEI for micro-entrepreneurs whose activity is on the official list, or a company with a CNPJ (check current limits; regulated activities need sector authorisation first). (Covered in module 2: Rules, registration and data duties in Brazil. To pass that module: Cite an official source for every line, assume nothing, and date every pending item. Local law always wins over this course.)

Q3. Which Brazilian law governs customer personal data?

Model answer: LGPD, the general data protection law. (Covered in module 2: Rules, registration and data duties in Brazil. To pass that module: Cite an official source for every line, assume nothing, and date every pending item. Local law always wins over this course.)

Q4. What does an offer state, and what backs it up?

Model answer: What is delivered, to what standard and by when, and at what price, with proof. (Covered in module 3: Design the offer. To pass that module: Check that promise, proof and price are consistent, fit the terms on one page, and record three customer reactions.)

Q5. Why write a procedure per stage?

Model answer: So any trained person can repeat it and so each stage can be measured. (Covered in module 4: Run the work step by step. To pass that module: Write procedures a stranger can follow, record weekly numbers for each measure, and trace one defect to a root cause.)

Q6. What is the main risk named for manufacturing business in this course, and what is the first control to try?

Model answer: Defects that pass inspection. Start by removing or reducing its cause; where that is not possible, add guards, training and protection, and record each control in the risk register. (Covered in module 5: Safety, quality and risk. To pass that module: Rank controls by preference for the top risks, run the drill, and start the log. Where a regulation applies, follow the official rule.)

Q7. Order the controls from best to last.

Model answer: Remove, replace, guard, train, protect with gear. (Covered in module 5: Safety, quality and risk. To pass that module: Rank controls by preference for the top risks, run the drill, and start the log. Where a regulation applies, follow the official rule.)

Q8. Define contribution per unit.

Model answer: Price minus variable cost per unit. (Covered in module 7: Money: cost, price and break-even. To pass that module: Calculate correctly, give every figure a source or mark it as an assumption, and show a downside case.)

Q9. Using the worked example, what is break-even in batches?

Model answer: 17 batches a month (fixed R$ 45.000 / contribution R$ 2.800, rounded up). (Covered in module 7: Money: cost, price and break-even. To pass that module: Calculate correctly, give every figure a source or mark it as an assumption, and show a downside case.)

Q10. Why change only one growth lever at a time?

Model answer: So you can tell which change caused the result. (Covered in module 8: Grow, measure and renew. To pass that module: Set a measurable, dated target, break the actions down small enough to start this week, and put the review date in the calendar.)

levels L1 to L7

Where this sits on the ladder

Seven levels, one slide each. Read the slide, then read the speaker notes under it. Credits stack and you can step in and out; this course is L4.

Slide 1 of 7: L1 Basic

  • Name the steps from raw material to finished product
  • Identify basic factory safety rules
  • Describe a simple production line
Notes for slide 1

Tour a small plant and follow raw material to shipping on a flow sketch: goods in, storage, cutting or mixing, assembly, inspection, packing. Learn guards, lockout, ear protection, safe lifting and cleaning at shift end. Hand in the sketch and a glossary of ten terms. About six hours of study.

Slide 2 of 7: L2 Awareness

  • Explain batch and continuous production
  • Recognize quality checks and waste
  • Compare making in-house and buying in
Notes for slide 2

Compare a batch process, like a bakery mix, with a continuous line, like bottling, using a timing study of one step. Spot scrap, rework and waiting in a mock line and name the quality check that would catch each. Evidence is a make-or-buy table for a part with cost, quality and lead time.

Slide 3 of 7: L3 Foundation

  • Calculate cost per unit for a product
  • Map a simple production flow
  • Apply workplace safety and cleaning routines
Notes for slide 3

Work out cost per unit for a product from materials, labour minutes and machine time, then map the flow with cycle times. Practise cleaning and safety routines such as lockout, a housekeeping walk and a spill drill. Evidence is a costing sheet within five percent of the tutor's and a signed safety log.

Slide 4 of 7: L4 Practitioner

  • Plan a manufacturing business in Sao Paulo
  • Start it with a site, machines, registrations and suppliers
  • Run production, quality, stock and monthly accounts
Notes for slide 4

Prepare a start-up plan for a small plant: site and power needs, machine list, registrations to confirm in the current official text, suppliers and a monthly accounts sheet. Run a pilot batch with a quality sheet and stock count. Evidence is the plan and a pilot report with yield, scrap and cost per batch.

Slide 5 of 7: L5 Specialist

  • Specialize in one product or process
  • Improve flow and cut waste with simple lean tools
  • Set quality checks and test records
Notes for slide 5

Choose one product or process and apply simple lean tools: a value-stream map, 5S on a workstation and a changeover timing. Set inspection points with a sampling plan and keep test records. Evidence is a before-and-after scrap rate and cycle time, and a quality file an auditor could follow.

Slide 6 of 7: L6 Advanced

  • Lead planning, purchasing and maintenance
  • Negotiate with suppliers and key buyers
  • Raise output and lower cost per unit
Notes for slide 6

Lead weekly production planning, purchasing and maintenance, with a preventive maintenance calendar and a materials plan. Negotiate prices and delivery slots with a supplier and a major buyer. Evidence is output per shift, downtime and cost per batch tracked over two quarters, with the actions that moved them.

Slide 7 of 7: L7 Super expert

  • Design a factory system for quality and growth
  • Mentor supervisors and engineers
  • Advise on new products, automation and expansion
Notes for slide 7

Design a plant-wide quality and growth system with standard work, audits and a training matrix. Mentor supervisors and engineers through a process improvement project each. Evaluate a new product or automation case with payback figures. Evidence is the system documents, mentee projects and the investment appraisal.

jobs this leads to

Where this takes you

Generic roles, from entry to senior. Each opens the pathways page; use the Career Launch course for the job-search method.

Career Launch: from plan to offer

ten locations and global

Your place

Local rules change licences, taxes, data duties and customer rights. This course is written for São Paulo. Check the current official text for your own place.

India (Bengaluru)

Language: English, Hindi, Kannada. Currency: INR. Registration: Udyam (small business) or company registration with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. Data rule for what you publish: Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023. Skills frame to cite: National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) and the national credit framework.

Netherlands (Eindhoven area)

Language: Dutch, English. Currency: EUR. Registration: registration with the Chamber of Commerce (KvK). Data rule for what you publish: EU GDPR (Dutch: AVG), supervised by the Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens. Skills frame to cite: the Dutch qualification framework (NLQF) linked to the European Qualifications Framework.

UAE (Dubai and Abu Dhabi)

Language: Arabic, English. Currency: AED. Registration: a trade licence from the emirate economic department or a free-zone licence. Data rule for what you publish: Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 (personal data protection). Skills frame to cite: the emirate education and training regulators (for example KHDA in Dubai) and the national qualifications framework.

Brazil (Sao Paulo)

Language: Portuguese (Spanish and English support). Currency: BRL. Registration: CNPJ registration, or MEI for micro-entrepreneurs. Data rule for what you publish: LGPD (Lei Geral de Protecao de Dados). Skills frame to cite: the national technical-education catalogue and the national S-system training bodies.

Canada (Toronto)

Language: English, French. Currency: CAD. Registration: federal or Ontario business registration. Data rule for what you publish: PIPEDA, with provincial rules where they apply. Skills frame to cite: the provincial colleges framework and the national credential-recognition guidance.

United States

Language: English, Spanish. Currency: USD. Registration: state registration (Secretary of State) and a federal tax ID. Data rule for what you publish: state privacy laws (for example California), and COPPA for children under 13. Skills frame to cite: state and community-college credit systems.

Singapore

Language: English, Mandarin, Malay, Tamil. Currency: SGD. Registration: registration with ACRA. Data rule for what you publish: Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA). Skills frame to cite: the Singapore national skills frameworks and the national credit system.

Australia

Language: English. Currency: AUD. Registration: an ABN and, for companies, ASIC registration. Data rule for what you publish: the Privacy Act 1988 and the Australian Privacy Principles. Skills frame to cite: the Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) levels.

Hong Kong (Eastern Asia)

Language: Chinese (Cantonese, Mandarin), English. Currency: HKD. Registration: a business registration and, for companies, the Companies Registry. Data rule for what you publish: the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance. Skills frame to cite: the Hong Kong Qualifications Framework.

Georgia and Israel (Western Asia)

Language: Georgian, Hebrew, Arabic, English. Currency: GEL or ILS. Registration: local business registration in the country where you work. Data rule for what you publish: the personal data law of the country where the learner lives. Skills frame to cite: the national qualifications framework of that country.

Cayman Islands (Caribbean)

Language: English. Currency: KYD. Registration: a trade and business licence or company registration. Data rule for what you publish: the Data Protection Act. Skills frame to cite: the local education and training framework.

Mexico

Language: Spanish, English. Currency: MXN. Registration: tax registration (RFC) and company or sole-trader registration. Data rule for what you publish: the federal law on personal data held by private parties. Skills frame to cite: the national competency certification system and the education ministry levels.

Global

The global version uses plain English, metric units, and your own currency. Machine translation is available in every language; the English text is the official text. Before you act for real, check your local rules with an adviser.

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Draft

Draft flagship. Own wording; teaching figures are examples, not forecasts. Not live.